Explain any three aggregate functions with examples. Aggregate Functions are keywords in SQL used to manipulate values within columns for output purposes. A function is a command always used in conjunction with a column name or expression. Ther…

Explain embedded SQL. Embedded SQL is a method of inserting inline SQL statements or queries into the code of a programming language, which is known as a host language.  Because the host language cannot parse SQL, the inserted SQL is parsed…

Explain Database architecture There are following three levels or layers of DBMS architecture: • External Level •Conceptual Level • Internal Level Objective of the Three Level Architecture The objective of the three level ar…

Explain ACID properties Explain ACID properties.  ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) is a set of properties that guarantee that database transactions are processed reliably. In the context of databases, a single logical op…

Explain normalization. Explain normalization. In creating a database, normalization is the process of organizing it into tables in such a way that the results of using the database are always unambiguous and as intended. Normalization…

Define XML and explain the structure of XML. Define XML and explain the structure of XML. XML stands for extensible markup language. XML was developed around 1996 and is a subset of SGML. It's documents conform to SGML. XML was …

7. Explain Network and Relational data models. Explain Network and Relational data models The network model is a database model conceived as a flexible way of representing objects and their relationships. Its distinguishing feature is t…

6. Define deadlock with example. Define deadlock with example In a database, a deadlock is a situation that occurs when two or more different database sessions have some data locked, and each database session requests a lock on the data …

5. Explain about triggers. Explain about triggers A database trigger is stored code that is executed immediately after a predefined event. It is used to ensure the coordinated performance of related actions. Although implementation var…

4. Define RDBMS with example. Define RDBMS with example RDBMS is the abbreviated form of Relational Data Base Management System.  A relational database management system (RDBMS) is a database management system (DBMS) that is based on…

3. Define instances and schemas. Define instances and schemas In DBMS, Instance is the information stored in the Database at a particular moment. Schema is the overall Design of the Database. In programming, we declare a variable which…

Explain Database users. Database Users Database administrators – DBA is responsible for authorizing access to the database, for coordinating and monitoring its use, and acquiring software and hardware resources as needed. Database…

Explain the three levels in data abstraction. Explain the three levels in data abstraction. Three levels of data abstraction are: 1. Physical level : How the data is stored physically and where it is stored in database.…